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The Best Art Can Happen By Accident – Barbara Kruger and the End of Plenty

Barbara Kruger asserts that her art may not be social commentary but simply ‘observation’.  Intentional or not, it comes across as commentary to most people – and pretty pointed commentary at that.

The artist has, over the years, addressed many issues including women’s reproductive rights, how development squeezes out lower income people, etc., etc.  Our culture of consumerism and excess consumption has, however, occupied a central role in her work. The “I shop therefore I am’ image (above) is from the 1980s, but the theme is continued and expanded in her exhibit entitled “Plenty”, currently showing in East Hampton, NY.

“You want it/You need it/You buy it/You forget it.” are the words plastered on the ceiling in large, squeezed letters.  On the walls “Money makes money and a rich man’s jokes are always funny.”

As this review in the New York Times points out, it is difficult to see this exhibit as anything other than cutting criticism of the very audience likely to be visiting this exhibit in The Hamptons.

But perhaps the best commentary on our unsustainable consumer lifestyle emerged by accident; an artwork that was not an artwork at all but can hold its own with the best of Barbara Kruger’s work.  Her exhibit “Plenty” came to an end (as exhibits do) after running in LA.  I came across the announcement below on an LA culture web site.  Maybe our age of plenty has indeed come to an end and we haven’t yet noticed.

What does bullfighting have to do with the environment?

Recently I came across this story which was stimulated by an outdoor performance art event as activism. One hundred and twenty five people stripped to their underpants, painted their bodies and created a giant, bleeding bull in front of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. They were protesting against the imminent start of the bullfighting season in the Basque region of Spain.

Bullfighting has recently been banned in Catalonia (the ban to take effect in 2012) and has been banned in the Canary Islands since 1991.  The above-referenced article was arguing that there are significant cultural differences between Catalonia and the Basque Country making a ban in the latter highly unlikely – however imaginative the protests.  A recent poll suggests that 60% of Spaniards do not care for bullfighting but that 57% do not want to see it banned.

What’s this all got to do with environmental conservation?

My own belief is that it is difficult to build a sustainable conservation effort unless we also manage to change the relationship between man and nature (and here I am including animals as part of nature) to go beyond seeing nature as simply that which is to be exploited for human gain – however small and frivolous that gain. My question is: can reasonably protect species and our natural environment while culturally embracing practices like bullfighting, fighting with dogs, cock fighting, hunting with dogs, and other traditions that reduce the maiming and killing of animals to a mere entertainment for the few? Any and all opinions welcome.

In a final twist, it bears noting that bullfighting proponents have their own conservation argument. If bullfighting were to be abolished, there would be no need to continue to farm the special species of bull that is used for bullfighting and that species would likely become extinct!

Strength in Delicacy – the works of Christiane Loehr

I recently came across the works of Christiane Loehr at an exhibit supposedly focused on renewable energy held at MACRO – a museum of contemporary art in Rome.

Loehr is a German artist that constructs complex and beautiful structures using natural materials – often seeds or flowers.

These structures are generally small – the one above is 10.5 x 8 x 8 cm but they manage to combine a feeling of immense delicacy with one of stability and even strength.

It is not clear what the artist is trying to communicate with these sculptures – if anything at all. On her web site, she gives us no hints as to her thinking behind this work.  Maybe they are meant simply to be enjoyed and appreciated as an experience with no hidden meaning.

However, when I saw these beautiful works in the flesh, I could not help but think of the delicacy and fragility of the natural world that surrounds us in spite of the fact that so much of it looks so stable, strong and invincible.  I knew that it would take just one swipe with my finger to destroy these beautiful structures – just like it is taking just one swipe of industrialized civilization to wipe out our natural world.

Environmentalism With A Smile

One of the issues with getting the environmental message across is that everyone is just too earnest and, frankly, often just plain boring.  Maybe it’s time for a few smiles and laughs to oil the wheels (Oops! – wrong use of words I guess).

The art of the political cartoon and political caricature is an old one and it is a pleasure to see it being applied to the difficult environmental issues we all face.

From the carbon footprint of the earnest environmentalist criss-crossing the globe to spread the environmental message to the hopelessness of the political stalemate we have reached to the meaningless greenwash of The Modern Corporation; all are being lampooned through the art of the political cartoon.

Maybe it’s time that the environmental movement supplemented it’s serious earnestness with a bit of humor – the ability to laugh at its issues and even laugh at itself once in a while.  That may bring a few more people into the fold.

It’s good to see that someone is taking the lead.  Take a look at The Grinning Planet – a web site that is “Saving The Planet One Joke At A Time”

And for some more cartoons, take a look here, here, and here.  Or do your own search, see what you can come up with and share with friends who will appreciate a bit of lightening up.

Garbage and Landscape Beauty – the work of Yao Lu

Yao Lu is a digital artist who creates beautiful landscape images in the style of traditional Chinese paintings – beautiful mountain and water scenes are shrouded in could and mist, eliciting serene and romantic feelings.

But a closer look at these images reveals that all is not as it seems.

The images are digital composites compiled using photographs of garbage dumps. Large mounds of garbage are covered in sheets of green protective nets.  The artist photographs these mounds and then re-assembles the images to create these bucolic landscapes. Viewed quickly or from afar, these are beautiful landscape images. Closer to, they are mounds of garbage.

As China undergoes rapid industrialization and urbanization, these huge mounds of garbage are generated everywhere with significant damage to the environment.  Yao Lu has inverted the historical process. While China turns its landscape into one huge garbage dump, the artist, alchemist like, has turned garbage into the beautiful, romanticized Chinese landscape which is rapidly disappearing.

For a different take on the relationship between beauty and garbage, see the work of Edward Burtynsky.

For a closer look at Yao Lu’s images in larger format, look here.

Worth A Read – Ian McEwan’s “Solar”

In a previous post I mentioned that I was excited by the upcoming publication of a novel by Ian McEwan that was inspired by the issues of climate change.  Well, the book has arrived.  I have just finished reading it on my new-ish Kindle (no paper to waste, no shipping charges, lower prices for the books, no outrageous AT&T wireless charges as for the iPad, etc, etc).

The book is worth a read – with some qualifications.

"Solar" - Ian McEwan's new book inspired by climate change

"Solar" - Ian McEwan's new book inspired by climate change

Some parts of the book show McEwan at his best. The development of the selfish, self-centred, ‘human’ character of the main protagonist, Nobel Prize winning physicist Michael Beard, is vintage McEwan. But it’s the climate change piece that is somewhat disappointing. The incorporation of climate change issues into this novel does, however, come across as an awkward add-on. Speeches and discussions on the intricacies of climate change and possible solutions seem pasted on to the main plot, interrupting rather than enhancing the flow of the book.

McEwan has clearly done his research – an in some depth. But it is not clear to me why he has to submit his readers to the tedium of the intricate detail of particle physics. He seems to have forgotten his own advice when saying that part of the issue with trying to communicate climate change issues is that all the jargon puts people off. In an interview prior to publication, he stated: “Even writing sentences about splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, already I know that about half the readers [will] see the names of those gases and their minds white out. Just seeing the word hydrogen they panic”.  You can imagine how my eyes and mind whited out when I came across this passage – and many more like it:

“…made elliptical references to BLG or some overwrought arcana in M-theory or Nambu-Lie 3-algebra as if it were not a change of subject.”

Yawn.

For climate change enthusiasts, those who have adopted the moral high ground and think of themselves as superior do-gooders, here is some advice worth taking when thinking about solutions:

“The matter has to move beyond virtue. Virtue is too passive, too narrow. Virtue can motivate individuals, but for groups, societies, a whole civilization, it’s a weak force. Nations are never virtuous, though they might think they are. For humanity en masse, greed trumps virtue. So we have to welcome into our solutions the ordinary compulsions of self interest, and also celebrate novelty, the thrill of invention, the pleasures of ingenuity and cooperation, the satisfaction of profit.”

At the end of this novel, one is left wondering whether the author believes in climate change as an issue with possible solutions or whether he sees it as simply another bandwagon on which have jumped a new generation of scientists and entrepreneurs. That ambiguity is also McEwan at his best and may be a true reflection of today’s state of the public’s acceptance of climate science.

What is American Power? – Mitch Epstein

In 2003, photographer Mitch Epstein was commissioned to do an unusual job.

“I had been hired to photograph a town in the process of being erased. The American Electric Power Company had paid residents of Cheshire a lump sum to leave, never come back and never complain in the media or in court if they became sick from environmental contaminates spewed out by the AEP plant. The company was buying itself a lawsuit-free future.”

Having completed the project, Epstein could not get Cheshire out of his mind and embarked on a project called American Power. “I wanted to photograph the relationship between American society and the American landscape, and energy was the lynchpin.”

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The result of the project is a set of images of the creation and consumption of power in America. The images starkly show how both energy production and its consumption are inextricably intertwined with everyday life in America.

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Some of the images serve as somber reminders of the perverse ways in which America uses its power and its cultural relationship to these uses. One such photograph is that of a now disused electric chair affectionately known as ‘Old Sparky’.

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Other images show the huge and irreversible impact that power generation has had on the landscape.

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Just as revealing as the photographs themselves are the difficulties that Epstein encountered as he toured the country creating these images. He describes ‘systematic harassment’ as he tried to photograph power plants and other installations: “Law enforcement officials more than once ran me out of town when I had done nothing remotely criminal. The result was that from 2003-2008 – a span that coincided with the Bush era – most of where I went in the United States to work I went in fear.”

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And, in case harassment was insufficient, here is a description of one incident when he was stopped for questioning: “..an unmarked car arrived. A middle aged man in a suit and tie stepped out and flashed his ID : FBI. “You know,” he said, “if you were a Muslim, you’d be cuffed and taken in for questioning.” Long live the land of the free!

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The project is now the subject of an interactive web site that aims to collect people’s views and start an online discussion around the question – What is American Power?

Trees In Concrete – David Brooks at MOMA PS1

MOMA PS1 describes itself as a public exhibition space that “devotes its energy and resources to displaying the most experimental art in the world.” It’s current exhibit – Greater New York 2010 – runs until October and exhibits the work of emerging artists including an intriguing installation by David Brooks.  The artist has assembled some plants and sprayed them with concrete.  It is described in a New York Times article by Roberta Smith as follows: “David Brooks has earnestly assembled a representative chunk of tropical rain forest plant life and deluged it with concrete — something between an indoor Robert Smithson rundown and a landscape by George Segal — in protest of the destruction of nature by industry. The encased plants will die and decay, collapsing in a kind of slow-motion happening.

David Brooks at MOMA PS1. Photo: New York Times

David Brooks at MOMA PS1. Photo: New York Times

David Brooks has, it seems, been intrigued by deforestation for some time. The work below was presented in an exhibit entitled “New Perspectives in Contemporary Art” organized jointly by Affirmation Arts and Columbia University. The piece is entitled “Breathtaking Vistas of Deforestation” and the medium described as “60 laser copies laminated and sanded’ (yes, truly).

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With the increasing importance being given to deforestation as a contributor to climate change, such work may acquire increased relevance.

BP: Belching Petroleum – The Art Of The Oil Spill

It is not clear which is the biggest scandal. BP pumping maybe a million gallons of oil a day into the Gulf of Mexico (after all, industrial mishaps do happen); or the Obama Administration’s continued support for opening up more and more of America’s shores to oil drilling (when, after all, industrial mishaps do happen – and will continue to happen irrespective of any marginal improvement to regulatory oversight); or the whole thing being thrown right back in the face of the average Louisiana resident as it remains ‘all systems go’ to celebrate the 75th Louisiana Shrimp and Petroleum Festival honoring Louisiana as ‘an oil state’ – or maybe now more appropriately ‘an oily state’.

I have been wondering how long it would take for the biggest environmental disaster in history to inspire the creation of some art. Digital artist Ubermorgen has created a series of works entitled Deep Horizon.

25 Million Liters

25 Million Liters

The images are created from photographs of the oil spill itself, digitally manipulated to create abstract images with various liquefied effects.  Some images (above and below) are part of the “Aerial Series” and, to my eye, manage to convey a sense of the overwhelming immensity of the disaster that is truly frightening.

17 Million Liters

17 Million Liters

The second “Liquid Series” plays with color and light. Here all evidence that this is a major industrial, environmental and human catastrophe disappear and we are left with bright, happy images that disguise the reality of what is going on. The disconnect between the feeling created by some of these images and the image titles could not be greater.

2 Million Liters

2 Million Liters

Other Art

Of course the disaster has inspired the more usual forms of artistic endeavours.

From political cartoons…….. (see here for more political cartoons)

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Matt Davies political cartoon

To take-offs of what now seems like a laughably cynical BP “all green together” logo and corporate image.

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Sex, Celebrity and Conservation – The Art of Peter Beard

Peter Beard is probably one of the earliest modern artists to turn his hand to the issues of Man’s ever-increasing impact on the planet and the resulting death and destruction.  Using a photographic medium, Beard starting by documenting, in the 1960s, the destruction of wildlife habitat and the death of over 35,000 elephants and 5,000 rhinos among others.

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When I first went to Kenya in August 1955, I could never have guessed what was going to happen. ….. it was authentic, unspoiled, teeming with big game — so enormous it appeared inexhaustible. 

Everyone agreed it was too big to be destroyed. Now Kenya’s population of over 30 million drains the country’s limited and diminishing resources at an amazing rate: surrounding, isolating, and relentlessly pressuring the last pockets of wildlife in denatured Africa.

The beautiful play period has come to an end. Millions of years of evolutionary processes have been destroyed in the blink of an eye.

His first works were in the form of more-or-less “straight” documentation of the process of destruction.  This was not conservation photography mediated through a romanticized view of nature and wilderness.  Rather the images were a powerful testament to the impact of man’s interaction with his environment.
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Though these initial images were powerful and shocking, Beard soon moved on to the use of complex collages and detailed diaries.  Here he juxtaposed writings, images, paint, found objects, newspaper clippings, drawings, insects or animal bones and often his own blood to create powerful and mesmerizing artworks.
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Increasingly complex, Beard’s large collages contain many, seemingly unrelated images.  Yet they are put together in a way that creates a feeling of violence and destruction.  The same intensity of feeling emerges from his tightly packed diary pages.
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As well as his passion for Kenya and it’s wanton destruction, Beard’s life was surrounded by beauty, celebrity and the world of fashion.  Based in Montauk, NY, he was part of an artistic and celebrity circle that included Andy Warhol, Jackie Onassis, Bianca Jagger and many others.  Not restricted to images of elephants in Africa, his photography and collage took in supermodels, celebrities and fashion – sometimes all of them ending up on the same page.
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Perhaps this mix of celebrity, fashion and concern with conservation reached its peak when he was commissioned to produce the Pirelli calendar in 2009.

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On his web site, Beard describes his career as “Escapism through collage, books, diaries and anthropology“.  Through its broad range of subject matter, Beard’s work maintains a continual sense of action, movement, intensity and power with a strong element of violence – sometimes obvious – sometimes as undercurrent.  Beard is a prolific artist who used his skills to bring much attention to Man’s endless capacity for violent destruction of his own planet.  A vast collection of his work has been compiled in a recent book published by Taschen.
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